to separate two independent clauses that are not joined by a conjunction
to separate elements in a series that already contain commas
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Use the semi-colon to separate main clauses not joined by a coordinating conjunction. Main clause are often linked by a comma and a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, nor, and sometimes yet, for, and so). If the coordinating conjunction is omitted, the clauses should be linked with a semi-colon.
Well, according to what I learned when I was in Algebra I, you should never have to use a semicolon.
no
Once.
The semicolon is used to indicate a separate clause in a sentence. It separates this new clause from the rest of the sentence. For example... "I'm having a day off work today; the first in two weeks!" The semicolon splits these two stand alone clauses in this sentence. What's a clause you may ask. Well, it is any group of words that make grammatical sense, usually containing a noun, a verb and an object.
A semicolon is used to join two independent clauses together. An example of two independent clauses joined together via semicolon is: "Baum's book is a political allegory; few people today would recognize the political events in this story."