When the pendulum is at its lowest point, it has the least potential energy. Therefore, logically, due to conservation of energy, its kinetic energy is at its maximum. Therefore its speed is also at its maximum, as well as its momentum (velocity x mass).
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A shorter pendulum will make more swings per second. Or per minute. Or whatever.
The longer the length of the pendulum, the longer the time taken for the pendulum to complete 1 oscillation.
A pendulum on a knife edge bearing may swing back and forth in a plane (relative to the Earth). A pendulum suspended from aneedle bearingmay swing in elliptical fashion on the surface of a sphere.For the movement to stay parallel to a plane which is fixed relative to the stars, the pendulum must have a needle bearing but no initial momentum perpendicular to that plane. However, the origin of that plane will follow the daily and yearly movements of its location on the Earth. Relative to the Earth, such a pendulum's path will appear to rotate once around every sidereal day (23 hours, 56 minutes, 4 seconds).
A longer pendulum will have a smaller frequency than a shorter pendulum.
The period of a pendulum is affected by the angle created by the swing of the pendulum, the length of the attachment to the mass, and the weight of the mass on the end of the pendulum.