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A one-tailed test should be used only in a study in which an effect in the unexpected direction is functionally equivalent to no effect. It is not appropriate to use a one-tailed test simply because one is able to specify the expected direction of the effect prior to running the study. In medicine, for example, we typically expect that the new procedure will improve the cure rate, but a finding that it decreases the cure rate would still be important, since it would demonstrate a possible flaw in the underlying theory. For a given effect size, sample size, and alpha, a one-tailed test is more powerful than a two-tailed test (a one-tailed test with alpha set at .05 has approximately the same power as a two-tailed test with alpha set at .10). However, the number of tails should be set based on the substantive issue (will an effect in the reverse direction be meaningful).
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A test that measures exactly what it is designed to measure is referred to as?
valid.
How do you use the ideas of logic with conditional if-then statements to verify valid conjectures and refute invalid conjectures?
By creating a strong inference, you can then put your ideas to the test. After close observation, you can then rule-out any incorrect guesses.
What steps are involved in making a valid conclusion?
Scientists use the data from an experiment to evaluate the hypothesis and draw a valid conclusion.
When to use Wilcoxon signed-rank test?
what condition we will use wilcoxon sign test
4 year old girl with IQ 124?
Normal, but a IQ test for a 4 year old is not valid enough to have merit.
