It's called the normal.
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When talking about reflection (normally with light), one works out the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection by drawing a line that is perpendicular (90 degrees) to the reflector and measuring the angle between this line and the ray of incidence/reflection. This line is called the normal line. It is easier to measure the angles of incidence and reflection on a flat surface, because it is easier to draw an accurate normal line.
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It is the direction which a moving line falls upon another. For example, the angle at which the wing is fixed to the fuselage of an aeoplane measuring relative to the axis of the fuselage
The term that indicates imaginary parallel lines that circle the Earth is "latitude." Latitude lines run horizontally around the globe, measuring the distance north or south of the Equator. These lines are used in geographic coordinate systems to help locate positions on the Earth's surface.
We measure them on the either side of the mirror and not on the side of the normal to the surface of the mirror because, if the mirror or any reflecting surface is bent, then there will be a difference between the angle of incidence and angle reflection which can be avoided by measuring those angles on the either side of the mirror.