The population decreases when the Death Rate is higher than the birthrate.
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If the birth rate is higher than the death rate, the population increases. If the death rate is higher than the birth rate, the population decreases.
A negative population growth exists
Mexico has a lower overall death rate than the US. Mexico's death rate is 4.9 persons per 1,000 while the US rate is 8.39 persons per 1,000. Keeping in mind that life expectancy is a better measure of the conditions of life than is the death rate. The death rate can be deceptive because it is influenced by the age structure of the population. Since Mexico has a much younger population than the US its rate would be much lower for the same life expectancy. In fact the US (about 78) has a higher life expectancy than Mexico (about 76).
The population size also depends on migration, for which there is no information provided.
They both have a 100% death rate (we all die sooner or later). However, until well into retirement ages, the death rate of male in a given age group will be higher than that for females. Early in life it is due to a larger rate of accidents and violent deaths, later due to higher rates of heart disease.