Scalar quantities are equal if they have the same magnitude: if the numbers describing them, including units, are the same. The reason for specifying "including units" is that 1 inch is not equal to 1 kilometre even though the numbers describing the two lengths are equal.
Vectors, such as velocity or acceleration or force, are equal if their magnitudes as well as their direction are the same.
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The ratio of two equal quantities is 1 .
An equation states that the two quantities on each side of the equal sign are equal.
An inequality.
That's an equation.
expression