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Third angle projection is in common use in the USA, Canada, and the UK. The rest of the world more commonly uses first angle. There is no inherent superiority of one projection over the other. When you are making drawings that may be used internationally, it's a very good idea to indicate by a small symbolic diagram which projection is in use. This diagram is usually a side and end view of a truncated cone.
always 30 degrees
In first-angle projection, the projectors originate as if radiated from a viewer's eyeballs and shoot through the 3D object to project a 2D image onto the plane behind it. The 3D object is projected into 2D "paper" space as if you were looking at a radiograph of the object: the top view is under the front view, the right view is at the left of the front view. First-angle projection is the ISO standard and is primarily used in Europe.
The cosine rule which is: a2 = b2+c2-2*b*c*cosine A This is used to find the third side of a triangle when the two other sides are known along with the angle between them. Used when the triangle is not a right angle.
A protractor can be used to measure an angle.