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Time and temperature (not Kelvin) are the two most common interval scales.
Fahrenheit and Centigrate (Celsius), as well as others, were developed independently one of another. Fortunately a standard emerged eventually, in the sense that now most countries only use Centigrade (and Kelvin, see below). The Kelvin scale was developed (on the basis of the Centigrade scale) when it became clear that there was a lowest possible temperature (called "absolute zero"). It made sense, then, to have a scale that started at absolute zero, and had no negative temperatures. This simplifies several calculations.
Physicists and Chemists use Kelvin. The Gas Laws, which deal with temperature, must use absolute temperature scales (Kelvin or Rankin). Most of the world's population, including most scientists, engineers etc, use Celsius. A few people who are resistant to a more integrated system of measurement use Fahrenheit.
A scale
The official SI unit for the measure of temperature is Kelvin (K). It is equal to Celsius (C) + 273.15. Or, (Fahrenheit + 459.67) * (5/9).