Rate is considered distance because if your rate is 5mph, your going 5 miles in 1 hour.
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Yes. The slope, or rate, is constant. The rate being represented is speed. If the slope is a negative constant, the object is losing distance (going towards) from the orgin at at a constant speed.
To find the average speed or rate of something.(:
Yes. Speed is the rate at which distance changes over time. In calculus terms v = dx/dt, or the slope of the distance vs. time graph. If the slope of the distance vs. time graph is a straight line, the speed is constant.
To a great extent, differential calculus is concerned with the slopes of curves - or with things that can be graphically represented as slopes, such as speed (the speed graph is a curve in a distance vs. time graph).
The instantaneous rate change of the variable y with respect to x must be the slope of the line at the point represented by that instant. However, the rate of change of x, with respect to y will be different [it will be the x/y slope, not the y/x slope]. It will be the reciprocal of the slope of the line. Also, if you have a time-distance graph the slope is the rate of chage of distance, ie speed. But, there is also the rate of change of speed - the acceleration - which is not DIRECTLY related to the slope. It is the rate at which the slope changes! So the answer, in normal circumstances, is no: they are the same. But you can define situations where they can be different.