The mean sum of squares due to error: this is the sum of the squares of the differences between the observed values and the predicted values divided by the number of observations.
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The F-statistic is a test on ratio of the sum of squares regression and the sum of squares error (divided by their degrees of freedom). If this ratio is large, then the regression dominates and the model fits well. If it is small, the regression model is poorly fitting.
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A t-test is a inferential statistic. Other inferential statistics are confidence interval, margin of error, and ANOVA. An inferential statistic infers something about a population. A descriptive statistic describes a population. Descriptive statistics include percentages, means, variance, and regression.
+ Linear regression is a simple statistical process and so is easy to carry out. + Some non-linear relationships can be converted to linear relationships using simple transformations. - The error structure may not be suitable for regression (independent, identically distributed). - The regression model used may not be appropriate or an important variable may have been omitted. - The residual error may be too large.
Q statistic