Probably the ancient Egyptians who discovered that the diagonal of a unit square was not a rational number. And then discovered other such numbers.
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Yes it will be. The set of real numbers can be divided into two distinct sets: rational and irrational. So if it is not rational, then it is irrational.
Integers are rational. In the set of real numbers, every number is either rational or irrational; a number can't be both or neither.
No. You can well multiply two irrational numbers and get a result that is not an irrational number.
The set of irrational numbers is NOT denoted by Q.Q denotes the set of rational numbers. The set of irrational numbers is not denoted by any particular letter but by R - Q where R is the set of real numbers.
The set of real numbers is defined as the union of all rational and irrational numbers. Thus, the irrational numbers are a subset of the real numbers. Therefore, BY DEFINITION, every irrational number is a real number.