That's because all repeating decimals can be converted into fractions. Here is an example: 4.161616... Let's call this number "x". Multiply by 100 (use a "1" followed by two zeroes in this case, because the repetition period is two), and write:
100x = 416.161616...
x = 4.161616...
Subtract the two equations:
99x = 412
x = 412 / 99
So there you have it - the number was converted to a fraction made up of integers - which is exactly the definition of "rational number".
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Yes.
Yes, they are.
The rational numbers
Not at all. 0.33333... nonterminating = 1/3 rational 0.66666... nonterminating = 2/3 rational 0.1428571428... nonterminating = 1/7 rational 0.55555... nonterminating = 5/9 rational
All terminating decimal numbers are rational.