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The best description for the exponential growth of species is if the resources available are unlimited, each species can grow to its full potential. This leads the species to grow in numbers.
Here are some: * They tend to grow (or decrease) very fast* The derivative of the basic exponential function is equal to the function value itself * They are used to describe many common situations, such as the growth of a population under certain conditions, radioactive decay, etc. * An exponential function with a positive exponent will eventually grow faster than any polynomial function
No. When a value grows exponentially the x value is either multiplied or divided. If you add five, then it grow at a common difference, not a common ratio.
Algorithms which have exponential time complexity grow much faster than polynomial algorithms. The difference you are probably looking for happens to be where the variable is in the equation that expresses the run time. Equations that show a polynomial time complexity have variables in the bases of their terms. Examples: n^3 + 2n^2 + 1. Notice n is in the base, NOT the exponent. In exponential equations, the variable is in the exponent. Examples: 2^n. As said before, exponential time grows much faster. If n is equal to 1000 (a reasonable input for an algorithm), then notice 1000^3 is 1 billion, and 2^1000 is simply huge! For a reference, there are about 2^80 hydrogen atoms in the sun, this is much more than 1 billion.
No. The golden ratio appears in plants but not animals. Snail shells may grow in a spiraling (exponential) growth pattern but the golden ratio implies one particular growth rate which nature does not demand of them.