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Halogens become less reactive down the column of the Periodic Table due to the increase in atomic size and the decrease in effective nuclear charge. As you move down the group, the atomic radius increases, leading to a decrease in the attraction between the outer electrons and the nucleus. This decrease in effective nuclear charge results in a weaker hold on the outer electrons, making it more difficult for halogens to gain an electron and exhibit their characteristic reactivity.

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It's easier for halogens to gain an electron than to let seven electrons go to become reactive.

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The further down the column you go the more electron shells in between the nucleus and the outside shell there are and so it has less 'pulling power' to grab that extra electron.

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Wiki User

15y ago
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Q: Why do halogens become less reactive down the column?
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