You can find a common denominator without factoring but it will not be the least such number. That means that you will end up working with numbers that are far larger than they need be.
For example,
5/12 + 7/18
Using LCD = 36: 15/36 + 14/36 = 29/36
Without LCD : 90/216 + 84/216 = 174/216 which can then be simplified to 29/36.
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By finding the lowest common denominator of the fractions.
If you divide a fraction by any common factor of the numerator and denominator you will get an equivalent fraction.
Find the lowest common denominator by finding the lowest common multiple of the denominators
By finding their lowest common denominator
by finding the common denominator of the fractions