why is one called the multiplicative identity
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One is the multiplicative identity or the identity of/for multiplication.
When you multiply a number times 1, you can get the same number multiplicative identity. When you add a 0 to a number, you can get the same number additive identity.
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Multiplicative Identity states that the product of any number and one is the number itself.
The multiplicative identity is the number 1. Why? Because if you multiply (or divide) a number by 1, it remains the same. eg a x 1 = a In a similar manner, the additive identity is 0. If you add (or subtract) 0 from a number, it remains the same eg a + 0 = a.