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Quantitative data may be used to make a graph or table. Qualitative is easier to explain with numbers or a written description.
quantitative studies are for bulk while qualitative studies are more focused on the quality of the work. "quality" and "quantity" can be found within each of the words.
Statistics, as well as statistical analysis, is key to the field of social sciences. Social scientists study the attitudes of groups of people, and this is often through the use of focus groups, questionnaires, and polls. These studies results in statistics, qualitative as well as quantitative.
I can't tell you which one is most reliable because data (or information) can be collected in so many different situations to answer different questions. If I am conducting a very scientific experiment, for example I want to know if a type of tomato grows better in an acid soil, then I need to collect and analyze quantitative data.But in many fields, both types of data are needed. Sociology and psychology studies use qualitative data. For example, I want to know if people who have lived in hot climates for long periods of time, are more comfortable with heat and humidity. So I ask people if they are feeling uncomfortable (qualitative data), how long they have lived in a hot climate (quantitative data) , and also recorded the heat and humidity (quantitative data).- See related link. From the third link, the author opines:"What qualitative methods (e.g. case studies and interviews) lose on reliability they gain in terms of validity. They provide a more in depth and rich description."
Because a t-test is designed to measure the difference between means on variables that can be measured (interval data). For example, comparing the difference of height between males and females in centimetres. Qualitative studies are not interval data, but qualitative information is coded and analysed by frequencies - you are not comparing two normally distributed variables that can be measured on a continuous spectrum of measurement.