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Why is the membrane potential for 3 K plus and 0 Na plus channels the same as that for 5 K plus and 0 Na plus channels?
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What would happen if the concentration of H plus ions were the same on both sides of the membrane when the channel opened?
H+ ions would not flow.
Is 2.36 plus 9.8 the same as 23.6 plus 9.8?
no
Plus Sign?
A plus signs identifies add-on codes, for procedures that are performed at the same time and by the same surgeon.
What is 60 plus 60 plus 60 plus 60 plus 60 plus 60 plus 60 plus 60?
60+60+60+60+60+60+60+60 =480 All the addition can happen in the same step. This is the same as 60*8.
What is the property of 3 plus 5 plus 7 equals 3 plus 5 plus 7?
it is the same i believe
Do the action potential travel along the axon of a neuron?
fig. 1Formation of an action potentialThe formation of an action potential can be divided into five steps. (1) A stimulus from a sensory cell or another neuron causes the target cell to depolarize toward the threshold potential. (2) If the threshold of excitation is reached, all Na+ channels open and the membrane depolarizes. (3) At the peak action potential, K+ channels open and K+ begins to leave the cell. At the same time, Na+ channels close. (4) The membrane becomes hyperpolarized as K+ ions continue to leave the cell. The hyperpolarized membrane is in a refractory period and cannot fire. (5) The K+ channels close and the Na+/K+ transporter restores the resting potential.
Why is the action potential generated in neurons only?
Action potentials are generated in neurons due to the presence of voltage-gated ion channels. These channels open and close in response to changes in membrane potential, allowing for the rapid depolarization and repolarization necessary for transmitting electrical signals along the cell membrane. Other cell types may not have the same complement of ion channels or the specialized membrane properties required for generating action potentials.
How does a neuron restore a membrane potential following the generation of an action potential?
After an action potential, the neuron restores its membrane potential through the activity of ion channels. Ion pumps actively transport ions across the membrane, repolarizing the neuron by moving positively charged ions out of the cell and negatively charged ions into the cell. This process helps return the neuron to its resting membrane potential.
Why does regeneration of action potential occurs in one direction?
As the action potential passes an area on the axon, sodium channels are closed, preventing influx of more sodium ions. At the same time, voltage-sensitive potassium channels open, allowing the membrane potential to fall quickly. After this repolarization phase, membrane permeability to potassium remains high, allowing for the "afterhyperpolarization" phase. During this entire period, while the sodium ion channels are forced closed, another action potential cannot be generated except by a much larger input signal. This helps to prevent the action potential from moving backwards along the axon.
Why does regeneration of the action potential occur in one direction?
Regeneration of the action potential occurs in one direction due to the refractory period in neurons. During this period, the region that has just fired an action potential cannot immediately fire another one, ensuring that the signal propagates in a unidirectional manner along the neuron.
What is the hyperpolarization that occurs after repolarizing phase of action potential?
Hyperpolarization after the repolarizing phase of an action potential is when the membrane potential becomes more negative than the resting potential. This occurs due to the efflux of K+ ions during repolarization, causing an undershoot in membrane potential before it returns to the resting state. Hyperpolarization helps to ensure that the neuron remains refractory and cannot generate another action potential too soon.
Why don't the terms depolarization and action potential mean the same thing?
Depolarization occurs when a stimulus opens sodium channels which allow more sodium to go into the membrane making it less negative and more positive (toward reaching threshold). An action potential can only occur once the membrane reaches threshold which means it has reached the level needed through depolarization. An action potential is a brief reversal in polarity of the membrane making the inside more positive and the outside more negative, the reverse occurs again once the membrane reaches resting potential.
The potential difference across the cell membrane is due to the separation of?
The potential difference across the cell membrane is due to a difference in concentration of ions inside and outside the cell. This is maintained by ion channels and ion pumps in the cell membrane that regulate the movement of ions. The separation of charges creates an electrochemical gradient, which is essential for various cellular functions such as nerve signaling and muscle contraction.
Do action potentials always have the same amplitude and the same duration?
Yes, this is due to the all or nothing law that neurons follow: "an excitable membrane either responds to a stimulus with a maximal action potential that spreads nondecrementally throughout the membrane, or it does not respond with an action potential at all." "
What is the correct sequence of events that follows a threshold potential?
After reaching threshold potential, voltage-gated sodium channels open, allowing an influx of sodium ions into the cell, leading to depolarization. This depolarization then triggers the opening of voltage-gated potassium channels, allowing potassium ions to leave the cell, repolarizing it. Finally, the sodium-potassium pump restores the resting membrane potential by actively moving sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane.
Why is the resting membrane potential the same in both the sensory neuron and the interneuron?
Because it didnt have a stimulus to activate depolarization
Are graded potentials the same as local potentials?
Postsynaptic potentials are changes in the membrane potential of the postsynaptic terminal of a chemical synapse. Graded potentials are changes in membrane potential that vary in size, as opposed to being all-or-none, and are not postsynaptic potentials.
