As an example, the power you would have to raise 10 to for the result to equal 3,000 is simple the common logarithm (i.e., the logarithm base 10) of the number 3,000. (I don't happen to have with me at the moment either a logarithm table or a calculator that has a common logarithm button on it, so I can't at the moment tell you what the logarithm of 3,000 is. But that's how you'd find out what power to raise 10 to if you wanted the result to equal 3,000 . . . or any of the other numbers in the question.)
Simpler example: Write 1,000 as a power of 10. Answer: The common logarithm of the number 1,000 is: 3. So 10 to the power 3 will equal 1,000.
By the way, the common logarithm of 10,000 is: 4. (So 10 to the power 4 will equal 10,000.) -- So what, you ask? Well, 3,000 is between 1,000 and 10,000. So the information in the "Simpler example" in the paragraph immediately foregoing and the information in the present paragraph together imply that the common logarithm of 3,000 must be between 3 and 4 . So the power you have to raise 10 to if you want the result to equal 3,000 is 3 plus some fraction.
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30000 = 3*10000 = 3*104
3,500,00010
To write powers of a number you write the number, followed by the number of the power in superscript. For example, a number to the second power is x2, a number to the third power is x3 and so on. Squaring is taking a number to the second power. Thus 20 squared is 202, which equals 400.
The area is approx 32*103 square miles - not 30000 sq miles, as suggested in the question.
7 to the second power