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Numbers with 3 or 5 factors are called square numbers.
All numbers have factors. Some numbers have some of the same factors as other numbers. These are known as common factors because they are factors that the numbers have in common. 3 is a factor of 12. 3 is a factor of 15. 3 is a common factor of 12 and 15.
Prime numbers have two factors. 2, 3 and 5 are prime numbers.
That's a little redundant, since all factors are whole numbers. Factors are the numbers that multiply together to get a product. In the sentence 4 x 3 = 12, 4 and 3 are factors of 12; two whole number factors of 12.
The factors of these numbers are: 1 1, 2 1, 3 1, 2, 3, 6 1, 3, 9