To explain loss ratio we have to start by the factors included in a loss.
The loss factors are:
Claims paid plus
net reserves plus
incurred but not reported (IBNR) plus
provision for adverse deviation (PAD)
Total them and substract your total with
Total recoveries (actual +potential)
You now have the total loss.
Once we have these factors, we can divide the loss by the earned premium to obtain the ratio.
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Loss of crops and machinery
Elnino, Earthquakes, and volcanos.
Nope, correlation simply links two factors together, while a cause and effect relationship finds that one factor causes change in the other. Generally, cause and effect is harder to establish and requires more clinical rigour (eg. with experiments).
factors that maintain the symptoms of the disorder. 1. sense of a 'high', achievement and self-esteem boost that starvation can provide 2. congratulations from peers on weight loss
Proportion