Yes. More often that not, it is colder than 0 deg C.
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Water at 0 oC is ice.
Ice typically forms at 0 degrees Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit). Its temperature can vary depending on the environment, but it remains solid until it reaches its melting point.
Adding salt to a mixture of ice and water at 0 degrees Celsius lowers the freezing point of water. This causes the ice to melt while still maintaining a temperature of 0 degrees Celsius. The melted ice and water mix with the salt to form a brine solution, which has a lower freezing point than water.
No, salt water is not colder than ice. Ice has a lower temperature than salt water. When salt is added to water, the freezing point of the water decreases, but ice will still have a lower temperature than the salt water around it.
Ice at 0 degree Celsius is able to absorb more heat energy from its surrounding environment to melt and increase its temperature, compared to water at 0 degree Celsius which needs to first convert into ice before it can absorb additional heat energy. This latent heat of fusion process makes ice more effective at cooling than water at the same temperature.