The number 0.0023040 has 5 significant figures because zeros (0s) before other numbers do not count as being significant. So the only significant figures are "23040".
If you write the number in scientific notation, it's easier to tell how many figures are significant.
2.3040 x 10-3 has 5 significant figures.
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In the number 0.0023040, all the digits except for zero are considered significant. Zeros that are sandwiched between non-zero digits are also considered significant, so all the zeroes in this number are significant. Therefore, 0.0023040 grams has 7 significant figures, not 5.
There are two significant figures in the measurement 3300g.
Rounding a number to the nearest significant figure means rounding it to the nearest digit that indicates the precision of the measurement. This typically involves looking at the significant figures in the number and rounding to the appropriate level of precision. For example, 345.678 rounded to the nearest significant figure would be 300.
The rule when rounding off numbers is "If the first figure to be discarded is 5 or more then the previous figure is increased by 1". When 16490 is rounded off to 2 significant figures then the first figure to be discarded is 4. As this is less than 5 then the previous figure (6) is not increased by 1. 16490 to 2 significant figures is 16000.
6276 as a significant figure would be 4 significant figures.
654 rounded to one significant figure becomes 700.