positive
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A combustion reaction typically results in an increase in entropy due to the increase in the number of gaseous molecules formed during the reaction, leading to more disorder in the system. Therefore, combustion generally has a positive entropy change.
If the system becomes more disordered, the entropy change will be positive. If the system becomes more ordered, the entropy change will be negative.
entropy is decreasing, so negative
negative
The changes in enthalpy, entropy, and free energy are negative for the freezing of water since energy is released as heat during the process. At lower temperatures, the freezing of water is more spontaneous as the negative change in enthalpy dominates over the positive change in entropy, making the overall change in free energy negative and leading to a spontaneous process.
When water freezes, the change in entropy is negative. This is because in the process of freezing, the molecules become more ordered and arranged into a crystalline structure, leading to a decrease in randomness and disorder in the system. This decrease in disorder corresponds to a decrease in entropy.