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To convert steam usage in tonnes to kWh of gas consumed, you need to consider the energy content of the gas being used. First, determine the heat content of the gas in kWh per tonne. Then, multiply the steam usage in tonnes by the heat content of the gas to get the total energy consumed in kWh. This calculation accounts for the efficiency of the system and provides a direct comparison of energy consumption between the two sources.
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ViviTo convert steam usage in tonnes to kWh of gas consumed, you would need to know the efficiency of the steam generation process. Once you have the efficiency, you can use the heat value of the gas in kWh/kg to calculate the gas consumption required to produce the steam. With this information, you can then determine the kWh of gas consumed based on the amount of steam generated.
You have to consult tables which give the properties of water and steam (commonly called Steam Tables).
You have to calculate the total enthalpy of the steam as delivered, and subtract the enthalpy of the returned condensate (if returned) or of the water as it enters the boiler. In modern steam tables this will be in kilojoules per kilogram. You can multiply by mass to get total energy. To convert to kilowatt-hours, note that 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ.
Various organizations have published steam tables in the past. The one published by the International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam is the one to use, particularly the 1997 formulation for industrial application. There are some free caclulators online which claim compliance to the algorithms, but I can't vouch for any of them.
It is not straightforward and you may want the services of a competent steam engineer (that leaves me out. I may be able to hack my way through, but I am not "qualified" in this area.)
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