because of the scienitsts
mentally divide the natural structures of crystals into building blocks
called unit cells
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A unit cell represents the smallest repeating structure of a crystal lattice in three-dimensional space, while a formula unit represents the smallest unit of a compound that still retains its chemical identity. Both concepts are crucial in understanding the arrangement and composition of crystalline materials.
The number of formula units in a unit cell depends on the type of unit cell and the arrangement of atoms within the cell. For simple cubic, there is 1 formula unit; for body-centered cubic, there are 2 formula units; and for face-centered cubic, there are 4 formula units.
Silver (Ag) is an element. Silver (Ag^+) is an ion. In neither case is it a formula unit. A formula unit applies to ionic solids, like NaCl, etc.
A formula unit is an empirical formula.
The face-centered cubic unit cell of gold contains 4 atoms. The volume of the unit cell can be calculated using the formula V = a^3, where a is the edge length. Then, the mass of the unit cell can be calculated using the density of gold. Finally, the density of gold can be calculated by dividing the mass of the unit cell by its volume.
The repeating group of atoms in a crystal is called a unit cell. This unit cell is the smallest repeating structure that can be used to build up the entire crystal lattice.