The normal current capacity of 12 AWG copper wire is 20 amps.
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To carry 300 amps of current, you would need a very large wire size, likely in the range of 3/0 or 4/0 gauge wire. It's important to consult with an electrician to ensure the wire size meets building codes and safety standards for such high amperage.
The NEC limits the overcurrent protection of #10 copper to 30A. This means that that a continuous load supplied by the #10 cannot exceed 24A unless the breaker is rated for 100% continuous duty. Don't forget to apply any derating factors as required in table 310.16 of the NEC. For derating you can use the appropriate temperature rating column i.e. 90 deg for THHN dry location but in no case can you exceed 30A. It depends upon What type of wire and how that wire is being run. Standard ratings for residential wiring is a maximum of 30 amps for a #10 wire. To get technical, I think the maximum amperage of #10 wire run enclosed (like in metal conduit) is 33 amps. Most building inspectors will go by the 30 amp rule. 10 copper wire will hold 30 amps /we use this size wire for electrical dryers. For aluminum wiring the maximum loading is lower. 10 gauge aluminum hold 25 AMPS.
A normal apartment in Israel typically has an electrical service capacity of 40-63 amps. This is usually sufficient to power basic household appliances, lighting, and heating systems. Additional electrical needs may require an upgrade in service capacity.
A number six wire, also known as 6 AWG wire, can typically hold around 55-65 amps of current, depending on the insulation type and installation conditions. It is important to follow local electrical codes and consult with a qualified electrician to ensure proper sizing and safety.
A wire is not like a bucket that holds amps but more like a pipe that lets the amperage flow through it. A # 14 wire is rated at 15 amps. Code only allows up to 80% for continuous use, 15 x .8 = 12 amps.