the answer would be brand specific, 12 gauge refers to the shell diameter, and 3 inch the length, inside will be divided into propellant and projectile, some may have more propellant leaving less room for projectiles but will be more powerful, some may have less propellant, in favour of more projectile at a decreased range.
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The number of shots (pellets) in a 12 gauge 3-inch shell can vary depending on the specific type of shot and its size, but a common load for a hunting shell might contain around 1 to 1 1/8 ounces of shot, equivalent to around 170 to 200 pellets of size #7.5 or #8.
The FN Auto-5 with serial number 1114xx was manufactured around 1951. It is chambered for 2 3/4" (70mm) shells. Steel shot can be used in Auto-5 shotguns with a modification to the barrel, but it's not recommended for heavishot due to potential damage from the increased pressure.
An expended shell casing is the empty metal container left behind after a bullet is fired from a gun. It holds the primer, gunpowder, and projectile before being shot. Shell casings are often collected at crime scenes as evidence to help identify the type of weapon used.
It is not recommended to shoot steel shot or hard shot from a 1950's JC Higgins 12 gauge shotgun due to the risk of damaging the barrel or causing injury. This shotgun was likely designed for lead shot, so using steel shot could lead to increased wear and tear on the barrel. It's safer to stick to the original ammunition recommendations provided by the manufacturer.
The maximum shell length for a single shot Iver Johnson 410 shotgun is typically 3 inches. It is important to consult the manufacturer's specifications for the specific model to ensure you are using the correct ammunition. Overloading a shotgun with shells that are too long can be dangerous and may damage the firearm.
It is not recommended to shoot steel shot through a Stevens 12 gauge Model 95 shotgun as it was not designed to handle the higher pressures generated by steel ammunition. Using steel shot can cause damage to the firearm and potentially be unsafe. It's best to check with the manufacturer for specific ammunition recommendations.