the existence of ice on the moon and plateau
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Clementine spacecraft discovered evidence of ice deposits in permanently shadowed craters near the moon's poles, suggesting a potential water resource. Additionally, Clementine helped confirm the presence of iron-rich minerals on the moon's surface.
The first discoveries with the newly invented telescope were made in 1609 by Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei. This included observations of the Moon, Jupiter's moons, and various stars.
Galileo made several important discoveries with his telescope, including the four largest moons of Jupiter (now known as the Galilean moons), the phases of Venus, sunspots on the Sun, and mountains and craters on the Moon. These observations provided evidence to support the heliocentric model of the solar system and challenged the geocentric view of the universe.
Galileo discovered the four largest moons of Jupiter, now known as the Galilean moons: Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto. He also observed the phases of Venus, providing evidence for the heliocentric model of the solar system proposed by Copernicus.
Christiaan Huygens discovered the rings of Saturn, the first moon of Saturn (Titan), and made significant contributions to the development of the wave theory of light. He also invented the pendulum clock and improved the design of telescopes.
In the 1930s, major astronomical discoveries included the discovery of Pluto in 1930, the identification of the first Quasar in 1932, and the discovery of the first interstellar molecules in space in 1935. Additionally, the concept of an expanding universe was also proposed during this decade.