No, they can't. Atoms (be careful of the difference between atoms and ions) can only have different numbers of neutrons, and those are called isotopes.
All atoms of an element contain the same number of electrons and protons but they can have different numbers of neutrons. Atoms with different numbers of neutrons are isotopes.
Two atoms are isotopes if they have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons in their atomic nuclei. This results in atoms of the same element having different atomic masses.
yes
Atoms of different elements are different because they have different numbers of protons in their nuclei. Protons carry a positive charge and determine the element's identity.