A linear equation is an equation that defines a relationship between variables, where each side of the equation consists of the sum of one or more terms, where each term must be one of: * A constant * A variable * A constant multiplied by a single variable All linear equations can be written as a first order polynomial equated to zero, but they may be written in many different forms. For example, the following are examples of linear equations, and the same equations written in its general form: * x = y + 5 >> x - y - 5 = 0 * 2x + 6y = 23 >> 2x + 6y - 23 = 0 * 5x + 3y = 4z - 20 >> 5x + 3y - 4z + 20 = 0 A linear equation with n variables defines a set of solutions in n-space, for example a linear equation with two variables defines a line in Cartesian (2D) coordinates, while one with three variables would define a plane in Euclidian (3D) coordinates. A linear equation with two variables defines a line in Cartesian coordinates, that is, if you graph the solutions to the equation on the x,y plane it will define a straight line.
As you saw earlier, there are any number of ways that a linear equation may be written, but there are several recognized forms that are normally used. The one that most people are probably most familiar with is the "Slope-intercept" form, which looks like this:
y = mx + b
where:
m is the slope of the line
b is the y intercept of the line
The shortcoming of this form is that it cannot define lines that are vertical, i.e. lines parallel to the y axis. Thus this form is only valid when y varies as a function of x.
To allow the definition of any straight line, other forms must be used, such as: * General Form: Ax + By + C = 0 * Standard Form: Ax + By = C
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A linear equation has variables raised to the power of 1, which means it represents a straight line on a graph. A quadratic equation has variables raised to the power of 2, which means it represents a parabolic curve on a graph. Additionally, quadratic equations have a second-degree term that linear equations do not have, making them more complex.
A quadratic equation must be able to be written in the form: y = ax2 + bx + c where a is not equal to zero. The graph will be a parabola. There must be a "squared" term and no larger exponent than "2". A linear equation will consist of variables only to the first power and the graph will be a straight line. Y = mx + b is an example of a liear equation where m will represent the slope and b will represent the y-intercept.
Look at the equation for kinetic energy.It is clear that relation between mass and kinetic energy is linear (you would get a straight line on the graph), while the relation between speed and kinetic energy is quadratic (you would get a curve, specifically a parabola).
The expression 4n + 25 is an example of a linear equation in one variable (n). It represents a relationship between n and an unknown constant.
A solution of a linear equation is called a root or a solution. It is a value that satisfies the equation when substituted back into it.
A linear pattern is a consistent increase or decrease in values that can be represented by a straight line when plotted on a graph. In a linear pattern, there is a constant rate of change between each data point. This means that the relationship between the variables can be described by a linear equation such as y = mx + b.
A quadratic effect in statistics refers to a non-linear relationship between a predictor variable and an outcome. It indicates that the relationship between the predictor and outcome is best described by a curve rather than a straight line, often taking the shape of a parabola. This effect is commonly assessed by including the predictor variable and its squared term in regression models.