any rate is a comparison of two changing quantities, usually one of them is time.
distance vs time is a rate called speed wit units of meters per second, or miles per hour, or many others
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The correct units for a second order rate constant are M^-1 * s^-1 or L/mol * s. These units represent the concentration change over time for a second-order reaction.
Joule and foot-pound are units of energy. Power is measured in watts or horsepower, and it represents the rate at which energy is transferred or converted. Newton is a unit of force, not a rate.
Amperes, milliamperes, microamperes, etc.
Speed measured in units is called velocity. Velocity is a vector quantity that expresses the rate of change of position with respect to time, and includes both the speed and direction of an object's motion.
controlled output of action potentials, progressive recruitment of motor units, control of the rate of attachment/reattachment of actin and myosin heads and the power stroke rate