Sheer strength is the ability to accomplish, move, or get through something without the assistance of anything else. Sheer strength can mean splitting wood without an axe for example.
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Shear strength is the ability of a material to withstand shear stress before it deforms or fractures. It is a measure of the material's ability to resist forces that cause parts of it to slide past each other in opposite directions. Shear strength is an important property in various engineering applications, such as construction, geotechnical engineering, and material science.
A shear vane is a device used in geotechnical engineering to measure the shear strength of soil. It consists of a rod with attached vanes that are twisted into the soil until failure occurs. The torque required for failure is used to calculate the shear strength of the soil.
For rock, the basic friction angle is somewhat less than residual angle. The basic friction strength is that shear resiatance of two smooth surfaces. The residual shear atrength is that for two rough surfaces after long shearing. At residual state, the shear resistance almost keeps constant and no shear-dilation.
That depends on what the "mass" is made of. The angle of repose depends on the material the slope is made from and the presence (amount) of water in the material. Fs = Shear Strength/Shear Stress
El Niño is believed to create wind shear in the Atlantic Ocean, which tends to weaken hurricanes by disrupting their structure and organization. This wind shear can prevent hurricanes from intensifying or maintaining their strength as they move through the Atlantic.
When shear stress exceeds the shear strength of a material, it can cause the material to deform or fracture. This type of fault is often associated with strike-slip earthquakes, where two tectonic plates slide past each other horizontally. The most famous example of this type of fault is the San Andreas Fault in California.