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The molecular mass of a molecule is just the sum of the masses of each atom in it. So if water has a mass of 18, and hydrogen has a mass of 1, and there are two hydrogens and one oxygen in water (it has formula H2O), than oxygen must weigh 16. That is:

18 - (2*1) = 16

You can also look at a Periodic Table, and it will tell you the mass of every element without doing any calculations! See the Web Links to the left of the answer.

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