In SI measurements, a whole has no prefix.
Getting smaller progressively from the whole, the prefixes go: deci-, centi-, milli-, micro-, nano-, pico-.
Getting progressively bigger from the whole, the prefixes go: deca-, hecto-, kilo-, mega-, giga-, tera-.
So gram comes first as it is the unit. The others are just multiples of this unit to make the numbers easier.
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The order from largest to smallest is tonne, kilogram, hectogram, decagram, gram, decigram, centigram, and milligram.
First, there is no "English". Second, there are hundreds on conversion factors between the near-obsolete (conventional) and metric systems. For mass alone, for example, there are conversions from grain to milligram, ounce to gram, pound to kilogram, stone to kilogram, hundredweight to kilogram, Imperial ton to metric ton. There are more that these.
aluminum
a millisecond comes before a second
First of all, grams and kilograms are units of mass, not weight.To answer the question: 1 kilogram = 1,000 grams, so an objectwith a mass of 450 grams is 550 grams short of 1 kilogram.
1 kilogram = 1000 grams fraction = 400 / 1000 = 40 / 100 = 4 / 10 = 2 / 5 So 400 grams is two fifths of 1 kilogram