The inside of a two dimensional shape is called the area.
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A circle is a closed curve where all points are equidistant from a fixed point called the center. It is a two-dimensional shape with no corners or edges.
That change in shape is called distortion. It occurs when representing the three-dimensional surface of the Earth on a two-dimensional map, leading to inaccuracies in the size and shape of landmasses.
A triangle is a 3 sided shape. There are a few types, Isosceles, Scalene (Acute and Obtuse), Equilateral and the Right angle triangle.
The path of Earth's orbit in the shape of an elongated closed curve is called an ellipse. An ellipse is a type of geometric shape that resembles an elongated circle, with two focal points inside the curve. This shape is a result of the gravitational forces between Earth and the Sun.
Two-dimensional maps of Earth have distortions because they attempt to represent a three-dimensional surface (the Earth) on a flat plane. This distortion occurs due to the challenge of converting a curved surface onto a flat surface. Different map projections have different advantages and trade-offs in terms of preserving features like shape, area, distance, or direction.