By volume, it is Silicon.
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The most common cation in non-organic gemstones is iron (Fe2+ and Fe3+). Iron impurities can give gemstones their color, such as green in emeralds (beryl), blue in sapphires (corundum), and red in rubies (corundum).
The most common cation in the interstitial fluid is sodium at 150 mM. Next is calcium at 8.4 mM and potassium at 5 mM.
The calcium cation is (Ca)2+.
Aluminum is a cation because it typically loses three electrons to achieve a stable octet configuration, resulting in a positive charge.
The most common cuts for amethyst gemstones are oval, round, cushion, and emerald cuts. These cuts are popular for showcasing the deep purple color and natural brilliance of the stone.
An example of a triple charge simple cation is Fe^3+ (iron(III) ion). This cation is formed when iron loses three electrons.