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To calculate the percent by mass of each compound, you need to know their molar masses. For CuSO4•5H2O (copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate), the molar mass is 249.68 g/mol. For MgSO4•7H2O (magnesium sulfate heptahydrate), the molar mass is 246.47 g/mol. Now, divide the molar mass of each compound by the sum of the molar masses of both compounds and multiply by 100 to get the percent by mass. This will give the percentage composition of each compound within the mixture.
The cation of MgSO4·7H2O is Mg^2+ (magnesium ion).
The formula given is mgSO4 * 7H2O. This means there are 4 oxygen atoms in MgSO4 and 14 oxygen atoms in 7H2O, giving a total of 18 oxygen atoms in the entire formula.
The symbol for magnesium sulfate heptahydrate is MgSO4•7H2O.
The formula of the hydrated form is MgSO4·7H2O. To find this, calculate the molar mass of MgSO4 (120.37 g/mol) and compare it to the molar mass of MgSO4·7H2O (246.47 g/mol). The difference in mass represents the mass of water lost upon heating, which is 126.1 g/mol (246.47 g/mol - 120.37 g/mol). Dividing the mass of water lost by the molar mass of water (18.015 g/mol) gives us the number of water molecules in the hydrated form.
51.1%