The allele combinations observed in individuals are determined by the genetic variations they inherit from their parents. The ratio of allele combinations in a population would depend on the frequencies of different alleles present in that population and the patterns of inheritance of those alleles. These ratios can vary depending on the specific genetic traits being studied.
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The phenotypic ratio of the offspring when a tall man marries a short woman is 3:1 (tall/short). The phenotypic ratio is figured by using the punnet square with the dominant allele for tall and the recessive allele for the short gene.
If a cross between two organisms shows complete dominance, all individuals in the first generation (F1) will display the dominant trait. This indicates that the dominant allele is fully expressed, masking the recessive allele. To confirm complete dominance, further crosses involving the F1 generation can be conducted to observe the phenotypic ratio of the offspring.
Genotype
The offspring will inherit one dominant allele from the homozygous dominant male and have a 50% chance of inheriting the dominant allele from the heterozygous female. Therefore, the ratio of offspring with the dominant allele to those without will be 1:1.
An allele combination refers to the specific alleles that an individual has for a particular gene. For example, a person may have two alleles for eye color, one from each parent, which could be a combination like "brown-blue" or "brown-brown". Allele combinations determine an individual's unique genetic makeup for a given trait or gene.