It depends on what you want to measure: its length. width, thickness, strength, elasticity, resistance to abrasion. Since you have not bothered to provide that crucial bit of information, I cannot provide a more useful answer.
You would use a ruler or a meterstick to measure the length of the strap on your book bag. A yardstick is typically used for larger measurements and may not be as precise for measuring smaller objects like a strap.
You would use a thermometer to measure air temperature.
It Is A Triple Beam Balance
A scale or a balance would be used to measure weight in pounds.
metric ruler