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Galileo and Copernicus were two of the scientists to disprove Ptolemy's geocentric theory of the universe. The Ptolemaic theory stated that the center was earth.
Ptolemy and Copernicus' ideas about the universe are different from each other in the sense that Ptolemy thought that every celestial object as well as the sun and the moon orbited the Earth whereas Copernicus had the thought that all planets orbited the Sun, while the Moon orbited the Earth.
Copernicus and Galileo were two major figures whose ideas contradicted Ptolemy's geocentric model. Copernicus proposed a heliocentric model with the Sun at the center of the solar system, while Galileo used observations through a telescope to support this view and challenge Ptolemaic beliefs.
The church viewed the ideas of Copernicus and Galileo as a threat because they contradicted the geocentric model of the universe endorsed by the church at the time. These heliocentric theories challenged the church's authority and interpretation of Scripture, leading to a clash between science and religion.
De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestis (English: On the revolutions of heavenly spheres).