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ReneMuslim scholars made significant contributions in medicine, mathematics, and astronomy during the Islamic Golden Age (8th-14th centuries). In medicine, they advanced the field through innovations like medical encyclopedias and the establishment of hospitals. In mathematics, they introduced concepts like algebra, algorithms, and Arabic numerals, which greatly influenced the development of mathematics in Europe. In astronomy, Muslim scholars made important discoveries such as improving the astrolabe and advancing knowledge of celestial movements and the Earth's shape.
That name is lost to history. People have been observing the night sky for thousands of years, at least as long ago as the Hittites, Sumerians and Babylonians. By that reckoning, Muslims are relative newcomers. The first star atlas was written by the Greek astronomer Ptolemy.
Modern astronomy does, however, owe an incalculable debt to Islam - or more specifically, to Alexandria. The Library of Alexandria collected books; by city law, any ship entering Alexandria had to surrender their books to be copied by the Egyptian scribes. Legend says that the Library kept the originals, and returned near-perfect copies to the sailors! After the fall of Rome and the "dark ages", Muslim scholars copied the books, including Ptolemy's star atlas, and sent copies to other Islamic libraries, including the ones in Seville and Granada, in Andalusia. Well, the Muslims called it "Andalusia", but the locals called it "Spain", and when the Catholic Spaniards expelled the Arabs and realized that the lost books of Rome and Greece had been preserved by the Arabs, they were overjoyed.
This is why many stars have Arabic names.
The scientific advances and discoveries made by early Muslims are numerous and covering all science areas including astronomy, mathematics, geography, medicine, pharmacy, chemistry, physics, ... etc. It is difficult to list them withing the allowed answer space. You may refer to many internet links that mention them.
There is no such thing as "Islamic astronomy", just as there is no such thing as "Jewish astronomy", or "Confucian astronomy" or "Catholic astronomy". The basic sciences are pretty much agnostic.
Having said that, it's AMAZING how much of our astronomical history does go through Islamic sources. The earliest star catalogs that exist were written by Claudius Ptolemy, a Roman who lived in Alexandria, Egypt. The Library of Alexandria had a policy of copying every book that came into the city, and the copies there were the only ones to survive the "dark ages" in Europe. Copies of this and thousands of other Roman and Greek books were found in the Arabic libraries of Cordova, in Spain, when Spain was unified and "freed" from the Arabs.
For example, many of the star names that we still use begin with "Al-", an Arabic prefix, because we use the Arabic translations of the names that Ptolemy recorded.
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The Muslims who discovered the world was round?
Muslim scholars such as Al-Farghani and Al-Biruni in the Islamic Golden Age made significant contributions to the understanding of the Earth's shape. They studied various fields including astronomy and mathematics, and their work helped to demonstrate that the Earth is round. The idea that Muslims "discovered" the world was round may be oversimplified, as this knowledge was already present in various civilizations prior to the Islamic Golden Age.
What does astronomy have to do with the five pillars?
Astronomy plays a role in determining the timings of the five daily prayers for Muslims. The position of the sun and stars helps in determining the times for Fajr (morning), Dhuhr (midday), Asr (afternoon), Maghrib (sunset), and Isha (night) prayers, a key aspect of Islamic worship.
What did Muslims contribute to science?
What did Muslims contribute to architecture
What are 2 religious groups in Iran?
Two religious groups in Iran are Shia Muslims and Sunni Muslims. Shia Islam is the dominant religion in Iran, while Sunni Muslims make up a minority of the population.
What are some solutions Muslims had?
Some solutions Muslims had include seeking guidance from Islamic scholars, practicing patience and perseverance in facing challenges, engaging in acts of worship to seek blessings and protection, and fostering unity and cooperation within the community to address issues collectively.
