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In the following order:

Heliocentric theory of the solar system (Aristarchus of Samos, 270 BCE)

Natural Selection (Darwinian evolution, 1858)

Theory of the hydrogen atom (as a small negatively charged particle inside a larger positively charged particle, 1904, the plum pudding model)

Theory of relativity (special relativity, 1905)

Theory of relativity (general relativity's initial paper on the acceleration of objects within the framework of special relativity, 1907)

Theory of the hydrogen atom (as a small particle orbiting the atomic nucleus, 1909, the Rutherford or Planetary model)

Theory of the hydrogen atom (as an "electron cloud" surrounding the atomic nucleus, 1913, the quantum mechanical or Bohr model)

Theory of relativity (general relativity and its ability to warp space-time, 1915)

So heliocentrism was, by about two millenia, the first. Relativity and the model of the hydrogen atom are intricately intertwined, so which came first depends on what you mean specifically.

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15y ago

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