The string which is in the lowest position. The thin E string.
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A guitar string vibrating at its fundamental frequency (first harmonic) is an example of a common standing wave. The fixed ends of the guitar string create nodes, and the string vibrates in segments with antinodes in between.
The metric unit typically used to measure the thickness of guitar strings is millimeters (mm). This measurement helps determine the gauge or diameter of the string, which in turn can affect the tone and playability of the instrument.
The pitch produced by a vibrating string can be changed by altering the tension or length of the string. Increasing tension or shortening the length will raise the pitch, while decreasing tension or lengthening the string will lower the pitch.
To change the pitch of a guitar, you can adjust the tension of the strings by using the tuning pegs. Tightening the string increases the pitch, while loosening it decreases the pitch. Changing the frequency involves plucking the string at different points along its length; shorter lengths produce higher frequencies and higher pitches.
Electric guitars are not magnetized, they use pickups designed to feel the vibration of the string and the signal is then amplified. It is the amplifier that is highly magnetic.