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John Michell assumed that an object that was compact enough would not be able to emit light; his calculations were based on the escape velocity. At his time (18th. century) the idea was considered preposterous.

Soon after the publication of the General Theory of Relativity, Schwarzschild (by coincidence, the name means "black shield") did calculations that predicted the possibility of the black hole. Note that the explanation of why the black hole would not emit any light is somewhat different than the ones by Michell. Michell's calculations were based on the escape velocity of an object; the modern version of the black hole is about space-time being so distorted that an object can only get deeper into a black hole, no matter what its velocity.

According to calculations by Stephen Hawkings, a black hole would gradually evaporate, despite the fact that matter can't directly get out from the inside of the black hole. His calculations are based on quantum-mechanical effects near the border (event horizon) of the black hole.

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15y ago
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10y ago

The philosopher and geologist John Michell in the late 18th century described what would happen to infalling matter approaching a body of a certain mass where it had sufficient acceleration from gravity to approach the speed of light, and proposing the idea that light theoretically emitted by it would be unable to escape; but it wasn't until Albert Einstein's General theory of Relativity (1915) that the framework of gravitation was in place and the reality of black holes could be described mathematically. Building upon Einstein's work, the effect of gravity on light was much better understood and solutions to his field equations yielded much more accurate models of black holes' properties and strong theoretical evidence for their existence. Karl Schwarzchild was the first to find a solution describing an uncharged, non-rotating black hole and the formula for the radius of a black hole of a given mass takes his name (the Schwarzchild radius).

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6mo ago

The theory of black holes was first put forward by physicist John Michell in 1783 and later independently proposed by Albert Einstein in 1916 as a consequence of his theory of general relativity.

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9y ago

Black holes would be studied by astronomers and astrophysicists.

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15y ago

Probably the leading theoretician associated with the development of the understanding of the phenomenon,
though by no means the only one, has been Steven Hawking.

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13y ago

Steven Hawking.

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Q: Who put forward a theory about black holes?
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