It was Bengal. At present day Bengal is divided into Bangladesh and east Bengal. But clearly it was Bengal As mentioned in Richard M.Eaton's "The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, 1204-1760":
"In the late thirteenth century, Marco Polo noted the commercial importance of Bengali cotton, and in 1345 Ibn Battuta admired the fine muslin cloth he found there. Between 1415 and 1432 Chinese diplomats wrote of Bengal's production of fine cotton cloths (muslins), rugs, veils of various colors, gauzes (Pers., shāna-bāf), material for turbans, embroidered silk, and brocaded taffetas. A century later Ludovico di Varthema, who was in Gaur between 1503 and 1508, noted: "Fifty ships are laden every year in this place with cotton and silk stuffs. These same stuffs go through all Turkey, through Syria, through Persia, through Arabia Felix, through Ethiopia, and through all India." A few years later Tome Pires described the export of Bengali textiles to ports in the eastern half of the Indian ocean. Clearly, Bengal had become a major center of Asian trade and manufacture."
"Around 1508, Varthema found in Gaur "the richest merchants I have ever met with.""
From "Broken limbs, broken lives: ethnography of a hospital ward in Bangladesh" by Shahaduz Zaman:
"To Ibn Battuta, a 14th century travellar from Africa, Bengal was a 'hall full of bounties and the wealthiest and cheapest land of the world.'"
Manouchi - the Venetian who became chief physician to Aurangzeb (in the 17th century) wrote:
"Bengal is of all the kingdoms of the Moghul, best known in France..... We may venture to say it is not inferior in anything to Egypt - and that it even exceeds that kingdom in its products of silks, cottons, sugar, and indigo. All things are in great plenty here, fruits, pulse, grain, muslins, cloths of gold and silk..."
The French traveller, François Bernier described 17th century Bengal:
"The knowledge I have acquired of Bengal in two visits inclines me to believe that it is richer than Egypt. It exports in and abundance cottons silks, rice, sugar and butter. It produces amply for it's own consumption of wheat, vegetables, grains, fowls, ducks and geese. It has immense herds of pigs and flocks of sheep and goats. Fish of every kind it has in profusion. From Rajmahal to the sea is an endless number of canals, cut in bygone ages from the Ganges by immense labour for navigation and irrigation."
Jean BaptiseTavernier writing in the 17th century in his "Travels in India".
" ....even in the smallest villages rice, flour, butter, milk, beans and other vegetables, sugar and sweetmeats can be procured in abundance ...."
In 1757 Clive of the East India Company had observed of Murshidabad in Bengal:
"This city is as extensive, populous and rich as the city of London..."
Dacca was even more famous as a manufacturing town, It's muslin a source of many legends and its weavers had an international reputation that was unmatched in the medieval world. Sir Charles Trevelyan described Dacca as "Manchester of India".
The Fertile Crescent in the Middle East was one of the richest agricultural lands in the ancient world. Its fertile soil and access to water from rivers like the Tigris and Euphrates allowed for the development of advanced civilizations such as the Mesopotamians and Sumerians.
The three classifications of land are agricultural land, residential land, and commercial land. Agricultural land is used for farming and raising crops or livestock. Residential land is used for building homes and living spaces. Commercial land is used for businesses and commercial activities.
Agricultural density is important in geography because it helps in understanding how efficiently agricultural resources are being used within a specific area. It provides insights into the population-to-farmland ratio, which can indicate the level of agricultural productivity and sustainability in a region. Monitoring agricultural density can also help in assessing food security, land use patterns, and environmental impacts in different parts of the world.
It converts them into residential or agricultural areas
A land is considered agricultural when it is used for cultivating crops, raising livestock, or any other farming activities. The land must be suitable for growing crops or supporting livestock, with proper access to water sources and fertile soil. Land designated as agricultural usually has specific zoning or government regulations that restrict its use to farming purposes.
The geography of a region influenced the resources available for food, trade, and construction, as well as the ease of communication and defense. For example, civilizations in river valleys like the Nile or Tigris-Euphrates benefited from fertile land for agriculture and transportation for trading. Mountainous regions often led to isolation and limited agricultural opportunities, while coastal areas facilitated maritime trade and communication.
Iowa is the richest agricultural state; it is also called "the land where the tall corn grows"
While Rome controlled vast areas, the favorite agricultural land was near the Black Sea. That land, in Ukraine today, is still a rich area in which to grow crops.
The ancient Babylonians used geometry to map agricultural land.
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Agricultural use of land is to grow food crops and breed animals.
Farmland refers to land specifically used for growing crops, raising livestock, or other agricultural purposes. Agricultural land is a broader term that encompasses all land used for agriculture, including farmland but also areas used for forestry, fishing, and other agricultural practices. In summary, all farmland is agricultural land, but not all agricultural land is farmland.
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Agricultural use of land is to grow food crops and breed animals.
India is the 11th richest country with population over 1.3 billion and 18% of the people live in India are Muslims (although not a Islamic country). Turkey is the 15th richest country which is an Islamic country. Saudi Arabia is the 21th richest country which is ranked 2nd in richest Islamic country. Indonesia is 24th richest country which has more Muslims in their land than any other country after India. Iran is 30th richest country in the world which makes it 4th richest Islamic country in the world.