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Which compound contains a longer C-C bond benzene or ethene?
Benzene contains longer C-C bonds compared to ethene. In benzene, the C-C bond length is intermediate between a single bond and a double bond due to resonance, whereas in ethene, the C-C bond is a double bond which is shorter and stronger than a single bond.
Why benzene undergoes electrophilic substitution reaction whereas alkenes undergoes addition reaction?
Benzene undergoes electrophilic substitution reactions due to its aromatic stabilization, which makes the molecule more stable after replacing a hydrogen with an electrophile. Alkenes undergo addition reactions because they have a reactive pi-bond that readily accepts nucleophiles or electrophiles to form new single bonds, leading to increased stability.
Why halobenzenes are less reactive towards nucleophilic substitution reaction?
Halobenzenes are less reactive towards nucleophilic substitution reactions compared to alkyl halides because the pi electrons in the benzene ring participate in resonance stabilization, making it difficult for the nucleophile to attack the electrophilic carbon atom. This resonance has a stabilizing effect on the benzene ring, reducing its reactivity towards nucleophiles.
Do alkenes show mesomerism?
Yes, alkenes can exhibit mesomerism due to the presence of π electrons in the double bond, allowing for resonance stabilization. This can lead to delocalization of electrons along the pi bond, resulting in different resonance structures with varying bond orders.
What is the length of carbon bonds in benzene?
The carbon-carbon bonds in benzene are all the same length, approximately 1.39 angstroms. This is shorter than a typical carbon-carbon single bond due to the delocalized pi-electron cloud in the benzene ring structure.
Which compound contains a longer C-C bond benzene or ethene?
Benzene contains longer C-C bonds compared to ethene. In benzene, the C-C bond length is intermediate between a single bond and a double bond due to resonance, whereas in ethene, the C-C bond is a double bond which is shorter and stronger than a single bond.
Are all C-C bond distances the same in C6H6?
No, in benzene (C6H6), the C-C bond distances are not all the same. Benzene exhibits a hexagonal structure with alternating shorter and longer C-C bond lengths due to resonance delocalization of electrons in the π system.
Why single and double bond length are same in benzene?
In reality, benzene does not contain alternating single and double bonds. It is more accurate to say that each carbon-carbon bond is in an intermediate state between a single and a double bond. Benzene therefore displays a property known as resonance.
Benzene is what kind of bond type?
Benzene has covalent bonds. Each of the six carbons in benzene is sp2 hybridized meaning the ring has both sigma bonds and pi bonds. Benzene is aromatic meaning its pi electrons are delocalized and form a pi system.
Why benzene undergoes electrophilic substitution reaction whereas alkenes undergoes addition reaction?
Benzene undergoes electrophilic substitution reactions due to its aromatic stabilization, which makes the molecule more stable after replacing a hydrogen with an electrophile. Alkenes undergo addition reactions because they have a reactive pi-bond that readily accepts nucleophiles or electrophiles to form new single bonds, leading to increased stability.
Why c c bonds in benzene are intermediate in length between single and double c c bonds?
Because in benzene molecule the pi electrons are delocalized (continuously changing their position within the hexagonal ring), so there are no fixed single and double bonds but are in mid of single and double bond character.
What type of hybridisation in benzene?
Benzene exhibits sp2 hybridization. In benzene, each carbon atom forms three sigma bonds with other carbons and hydrogens, along with one pi bond due to π overlap of p orbitals. This results in a planar structure with 120° bond angles between carbon atoms.
Why halobenzenes are less reactive towards nucleophilic substitution reaction?
Halobenzenes are less reactive towards nucleophilic substitution reactions compared to alkyl halides because the pi electrons in the benzene ring participate in resonance stabilization, making it difficult for the nucleophile to attack the electrophilic carbon atom. This resonance has a stabilizing effect on the benzene ring, reducing its reactivity towards nucleophiles.
Why does OH and OR group activate the benzene ring?
The OH and OR groups are electron-donating groups that can donate electron density to the benzene ring through resonance, making it more electron-rich and activating it towards electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. This is due to the ability of the oxygen atom in these groups to stabilize the positive charge in the resonance structures of the benzene ring.
Is chlorobenzene polar or non polar?
Biphenyl has equal charges on both benzene rings, this material is non polar
Why does AMINE group activate the benzene ring more than the hydroxyl group?
The amino group activates the benzene ring more than the hydroxyl group because it is electron-donating due to its lone pair of electrons. This lone pair can delocalize into the benzene ring through resonance, stabilizing the molecule. In comparison, the hydroxyl group is electron-withdrawing due to its electronegative oxygen atom, which deactivates the benzene ring through resonance.
Why are the bond lengths in no3- all identical and shorter than a nitrogen-oxygen single bond?
The nitrate ion (NO3-) has all identical and shorter bond lengths because of the resonance structure of the molecule. The delocalization of electrons through resonance causes the bond lengths to be equalized. The actual structure is an average between multiple resonance structures, leading to equal bond lengths. The bonds in NO3- are shorter than a nitrogen-oxygen single bond due to the partial double bond character resulting from resonance stabilization.
