sample statistic
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This is called a sample statistic. They are often used to give a general picture of a more specific whole.
mean
Statistically speaking, the mean is the most stable from sample to sample. Whereas, the mode is the least stable statistically speaking from sample to sample.
It means you can take a measure of the variance of the sample and expect that result to be consistent for the entire population, and the sample is a valid representation for/of the population and does not influence that measure of the population.
You calculate the actual sample mean, and from that number, you then estimate the probable mean (or the range) of the population from which that sample was drawn.