It is called a tangent.
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tangent
Such a line is called a tangent line or a tangent to the circle. [Tangent is Latin for touching-- a tangent line touches the circle at just one point. ]
No. A tangent touches the circle at exactly one point. A line that intersects a circle at exactly two points is a secant.
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A straight line that intersects a circle or curve at two points, but which has both end points outside the circle or curve is called a secant. A straight line that links two points on a circle or curve is called a chord. A straight line which touches a circle or curve at one point is called a tangent. A straight line that cuts a circle or curve at one point is a straight line.* For moving diagrams see Related links below this box.