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You need to measure the mass using appropriate equipment. You can measure the volume of a textbook and a container of milk by measuring its linear dimensions and calculating the volume.

It is not at all easy to measure the volume of an air balloon. You cannot use displacement of a fluid (water) because when submerged, the balloon would be experiencing water pressure and so would occupy a smaller volume. You cannot measure it by allowing the air to escape and measure that volume of air because that air will no longer be experiencing the pressure exerted by the material (rubber?) of the balloon. I have no answer to this part.

Once you have the mass and volume, the density is merely mass/volume.

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Q: How can you determine the mass volume and density of a textbook a container of milk and an air balloon?
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